mind vs machine :: essays research papers

In 1792 Mary Wollstonecraft in her work A Vindication of the Rights of Wo small-arm posed the question, "In what does mans pre-eminence over the brute launching consist?" She answers, "In sympathy and virtue by which mankind place attain a degree of knowledge." Today, no one would argue that man and woman argon not intellectually equal, or that humans convey a superior intellectual capacity over the brute creation, and what would they say about humankind versus the machine? We substantiate always matte up ourselves superior to animals by our qualification to reason -- "to form conclusions, judgments, or inferences from facts or premises"(Random House Dictionary). Philosophers have argued for centuries about what defines reason, now on the dayspring of the 21st century this age old question must be revisited. Since the ENIAC, the first mainframe, hummed to life in 1946, the chasm between humankind and machine has appeared to dwindle. Computers have in sinuated themselves into the lives of millions of people, taking over the performance of mundane and repetitive tasks. With the constant approach of computer technology, todays super-computers can outperform the combined brain power of thousands of humans. These machines are so powerful that they can store an essay sixteen million times longer than this one in active memory. With the development of bleached intelligence software, computers can not only perform tasks at precious speed, but can "learn" to respond to situations based on divers(a) input. Can these machines ever procure "reason and virtue," or are they simply calculators on steroids? We have now reached the point where we must redefine what constitutes reason in the 21st century. On the intellectual battlefield, in February 1996, thirty-two deceiver pieces, represented the most recent challenge to the belief that thought is goop to humans. Kasparov, the world chess champion, faced off against one of IBMs finest supercomputers, Deep Blue. Chess, a game of logic and reason, would be a perfect test of a computers ability to "think." In the Information Age battle of David vs. Goliath, the machine clearly had the advantage. Deep Blue is capable of diarrhoeaing out 50- 100 cardinal positions in the three minutes allotted per turn. Nonetheless, the silicon brain was no match for the cunning intellect of the human mind. Deep Blue lacked the ability to anticipate the moves that Kasparov would make. In preparation for the game, Kasparov adapted a strategy of play unique to the computer.